Hypertension in adolescent is relatively uncommon compared with that in adults. But may be considered as subclinical phase of adult hypertension as their ages increase. As one may imagine, most of the hypertension in adolescents may be classified as primary, only a small percentage of these patients are due to some traceable causes. Among the secondary hypertension in adolescents renal parenchymal/vascular diseases accounts for a significant percentage of cases in adolescents with secondary hypertension. Congenital heart diseases, such as congenital coarctation of aorta, may represent an example of surgical/interventional procedure treatable hypertension in adolescent.
　　Early detection of hypertension in early stage of life is important. Each pediatrician should feel the both proximal and distal pulses for each new patients presenting to him for medical consultation. Because persistent hypertension may occur if the coaractation is repaired after childhood. Routine screening for school children with routine check also represents an effort early detect of renal parenchymal diseases before the children and adolescents gradually go to chronic kidney diseases.
　　Measurement of blood pressure in children and adolescent is a particular issue needing specific attention . The size of the cuff, the position of the sensor within the cuff to sense the signals in the nowadays popular oscillometric automatic electronic blood pressure measurement equipment. Also the environment to take the blood pressure is very important to avoid the phenomenon of so-called “ White- coat” hypertension. The cooperation of the individual during blood pressure measurement also is important in order to obtain optimal result. In children at growth period, a curve with changing number of blood pressure during different age group is commonly used instead of a single number as the cutoff value for normal pressure in adults.
　　The treatment of hypertension in adolescent and children should be tailored toward titrating the dose-response curve. Probably initially using a single regimen is better depending on the possible cause of hypertension for each different individual patients.
　　 In Summery, hypertension in adolescents and children is different from that of adults with regards to the epidemiology, etiology and management, careful management for each patients is important to achieve the optimal results.