There were different kinds of movement disorders in children with and without developmental delay. The most common movement disorders in children without developmental delay are developmental movement disorders, including sleep myoclonus, shuddering, spasmus nutans or paroxysmal torticollis. Sometimes they present like posturing during masturbation or head nodding. Some ocular movement disorders like paroxysmal tonic upgaze or downgaze are also developmental movement disorders, occasionally found in normally developing children. In children with developmental delay, the manifestations of movement disorders can be the clues for the diagnosis like those in children with neurotransmitter disorders or neurometabolic diseases. Motor stereotypies can develop in children with or without developmental delay. Occasionally the pattern of stereotypies can be the clue for the diagnosis like in children with Rett syndrome or Rett variants. Recognition of different movement disorders in children can be of some help for our diagnosis of neurological diseases in children.
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