Pancreatic cancer has dismal outcome. According to the 2016 StatFact Sheet of Surveillance, Epidemiology and Results (SEER) Program, National Cancer Institute (NCI), the overall 5-years survival rate is approximately 7% nowadays. Although delay diagnosis with majority of cases being diagnosed at advanced stage to preclude curative intent treatment is a main cause, however, the surgical outcomes of patients with resectable pancreatic cancer are also largely unsatisfactory. Remote observation-controlled phase 3 trials, the CONKO-001 and JSAP-02 adjuvant trials showed that the median recurrence-free survival after curative intent surgery was 5.0-6.7 months in the observation arms, which could be doubled after 6 months of adjuvant gemcitabine chemotherapy. The roughly 24 months of median overall survival and 20% of 5-year overall survival rate after adjuvant gemcitabine therapy in these two studies were repetitively validated in several modern phase 3 trials comparing marginally more effective gemcitabine-based doublets or oral fluoropyrimidine, S-1, versus gemcitabine in adjuvant setting, such as JASPAC-01, ESPAC-4 and CONKO-005 trials. The recent progress in the adjuvant therapy of post-resection pancreatic cancer trials will be discussed in the meeting.