From Louis Pasteur, Rudolf Virchow and Robert Koch to next generation sequencing and targeted therapies in the current era, the past two centuries have witnessed the advance of medicine at an extraordinary pace. Needless to say, challenges and opportunities as yet remain, awaiting health providers and researchers to investigate and explore further in order to seek healthier human lives.
　　The origins of pathology date back to the Italian Renaissance as one of the earliest examples of a scientific and empirical approach to medicine.  It contributes to the investigation, identification, and understanding of disease.  This medical specialty also plays a crucial role in moving between the work of research laboratories and the practice of medicine. 
　　Taiwan has made great strides studying, preventing and treating liver diseases in the past half century. The world recognizes Taiwan as a leading country in the above accomplishments. Almost all chronic liver diseases lead to liver fibrosis and some may develop cirrhosis, which could result in liver failure and/or liver cancer. Different patterns of liver injuries dictate different patterns of hepatic fibrosis.
　　The talk discusses examples of development of diagnostic liver pathology, the current challenges and gaps, and potential future modalities and methodology to facilitate the diagnosis, treatment and investigation of diseases as a paradigm in the progress of medicine.